• The Catacombs of St. Callixtus were established in the early 3rd century AD and are among the most important Christian burial sites in Rome.
• They are named after Pope Callixtus I, who was appointed by Pope Zephyrinus to manage the cemetery before becoming pope himself.
• This vast underground complex stretches over 20 kilometres and consists of multiple levels and chambers, making it one of the largest catacombs in the city.
• The site became the official cemetery of the Church of Rome, where 16 popes and numerous early Christian martyrs were buried.
• The most famous section is the Crypt of the Popes, also known as the “Little Vatican,” which houses the tombs of 9 early popes.
• In addition to papal tombs, the catacomb also contains the Crypt of St. Cecilia, the patron saint of music, who was originally buried here.
• Inscriptions and frescoes throughout the catacombs reveal early Christian symbolism and offer insights into the beliefs of the persecuted faithful.
• Abandoned in the early Middle Ages and rediscovered in the 19th century, the catacombs are now preserved and open to visitors via guided tours.